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Lace (popular), spirits.
He got royally blind, showed a liking for lace.-Bird o' Freedom. Laced (old cant), sugared, as laced
coffee.
Laced mutton, used by Shak
speare (Two Gentlemen of Verona). Vide MUTTON. Lacing (popular), a beating. Ladder (common), “can't see a
hole in a ladder,” said of one who is intoxicated.
Ladroneship (nautical), literally
a pirate, but it is the usual epithet applied by the Chinese to a man- of - war (Admiral
Smyth). Lady (old cant), a misshapen
woman. Lady-bird (common), a specially
nice or dainty kept mistress. (Popular), a wanton or lewd
girl. Lady-caller (American), explained
by quotation.
A lady-caller is a cultivated and presentable woman nicely dressed, who takes a salary for distributing cards for fashionable folk, and, as we presume from the accomplishments demanded of her, even occasionally makes actual calls instead of the lady who employs her, and who, by a social fiction, is supposed to be calling.St. James's Gazette. Lady - fender (popular), a lazy
woman who gives herself airs. Chiefly used by servants in reference to a mistress who likes to sit by the fireside doing nothing.
ale in Anglo-Saxondom. It was
in America that the word lager
was most incorrectly applied,
for the first time about 1847, in
Philadelphia, to German beer,
to distinguish it from American
and English malt drinks. All
German beer is not lager, any
more than all English beer is
Indian pale ale or “bitter.”
Und is mein sabre sharp and true ?
Und is mein war-horse goot?
To get one quart of lager bier,
I'd shpill a sea of bloot !
-Ballads of Hans Breitmann. Lage, to (old cant), to wash. Vide
LAGE.
Lag (thieves), a prisoner, convict.
Vide TO LAG. Asking . . . what improvement there was in the grub at Brixton; was there going to be a war with Russia? If so, was it likely they would want the lags for soldiers.-Evening News.
An old lag, one who has been through penal servitude.
To start, I, a confirmed old lag myself, think I may say that there isn't a prison in London that I haven't seen the inside of.—Greenwood: Dick Temple.
(Westminster School), a fag. Every morning the lag junior prepares and brings to hall the “list,” which is the rota of duties for the day.-Everyday Life in Our Public Schools. Lage (old cant), wash water,
thin drink. Probably from the
Gaelic and Irish lag, weak,
feeble.
I bowse no lage, but a whole gage
Of this I bowse to you.
- Brome : A Jovial Crew. This term is still used by the low class of actors. It is curious to note that laigue, in old French argot, signifies water, from the Spanish agua, with the article prefixed. But there is no evidence that the English term is from the French laigue.
Lagger (thieves), a sailor. Pos
sibly from his way of walking. Also one who gives evidence;
an informer. Vide TO LAG. Lagging (thieves), a term of im
prisonment or hard labour. Vide To LAG. Now the whole of the difference between passing a comfortable lagging and a hard lagging, is to give no trouble to the officer. I always make it a rule-don't trouble me and I'll not trouble you.—Evening News. Lagniappe (Creole American), a
trifling commission or discount.
All New Orleans grocers give to every purchaser a lagniappe. If child or servant buys five cents' worth, lagniappe is expected and given rigidly, as though so nominated in the bond. It may be sugar, or spice, or candy. If the purchaser de. mand quartee (two and a half cents' worth) rice and quartee beans, two lagniappe are given. There are groceries in the French quarter where the chief business of the supplemental small boy is the rolling of brown paper sheets into cornucopias, and the filling of these horns of plenty with lagniappe.-- American Newspaper.
This system is getting general now in London for grocers to give presents to all purchasers. The higher the purchase the greater the present. The practice is usual in France, and probably in most countries.
(Old cant), to lag, to void urine. A lagging gage, a chamber-pot. The expression is still common among showmen and
strolling actors. Vide LAGE. Laid in lavender. Vide
LAVENDER.
Laid out (American), also Eng
lish, but more extensively ap-
plied in “the States.” Beaten,
flattened out.
Mr. M is horizontally laid out.
Nevertheless, the war taxes must go.
Boston Herald.
Lags (American), layers of leaves
of tobacco. Dutch laag, a lay,
a row layer.
Lag, to (thieves), formerly to
transport or cause to be trans-
ported; now to send to penal
servitude or to prison.
They'll ask no questions after him, fear
they should be obliged to prosecute, and
so get him lagged. — Dickens : Oliver
Twist.
A day or two after Bill returns alone. The girl asks him where her sweetheart is. “He's lagged,” says Bill. --Sims: How the Poor Live.
Tolag, which, it is conjectured, originally came from “lagging,” or tying the prisoners together, is curiously allied to lagan, the right of the lord to take goods cast up on the shore of his manor. Also goods tied to a buoy and then sunk in the sea. In gypsy and Hindu lagar or lugarna has the same meaning. Compare the French cant word “fagot,” for a convict, i.e., tied up like a bundle of sticks. Hotten suggests the derivation from the old Norse lagda, laid, laid by the leg. To lag, which formerly had also the meaning of to steal, seems to be connected in the sense with the German lagern, to lay, to put away.
Laker. Although applied as a
term of derision to Wordsworth, Southey, and their famous friends, because they lived in the Lake country, the word had been in use from time immemorial in Yorkshire and Lancashire, in another sense, with reference to players. The dictionaries give “ Lake, to play, to sport,” hence laker, or derisively, “lazy laker.” Lake, a north-country word for play, is from Danish lege, to play.
One of the delicate pleasantries invented at the expense of the players in the last century, runs as follows. When the drum announced their advent in the rural districts of Yorkshire, the farmers' dames were wont to say—“Get the shirts off the hedge, wench, for here comes the lakers."
In the year 1750, Gentleman Holman, a famous actor and author, and the recipient of high honours from his Alma
Mater at Oxford, was fulfilling an engagement at Leeds. He had dressed at his hotel for Beverley, in “The Gamester,” and was attired in his court suit, with powdered hair and bag, chapeau bras, diamond buckles, &c. On his way to the theatre, in a sedan chair, the porters were stopped on Leeds Bridge, and overhauled by a gang of roughs of the period, who demanded to know who was inside. On being informed that the gentle. man in court dress was a playactor, the ringleader said to his friends — “Oh! it's nobbut a laker; chuck him in triver, lads." Before they could carry out this laudable intention, the laker stepped out, confronted them with his rapier, which he slipped into them, right and left, sending the ruffians howl.
ing in every direction. La-li-loong (pidgin-English), a
thief, thieves.
The barber complained he had been called a la-li-loong, the pidgin-English for a thief.-Celestial Empire, 1876.
Just then he savvy la-li-loong,
Same tief-man muchee bad,
Hab wantchee kill one foleigna'
An' catchee állo had.
-Wang-ti. Lā11-shraub (Anglo-Indian).
English-Hindu, lāl-shrāb, red wine. The name for claret in India. In English gypsy, lāl or lulli-moll.
elderly person who dresses and makes up like a young one.
Vide LAMBS. Lamb and salad (popular), to
give one lamb and salad, to give a sound thrashing. Also lambpie, a flogging. From lam, vide
LAMM. Lambasting (popular), beating,
thrashing. Vide To LAMB. Lamb down (Australian up
country), to beat. Vide To LAMM. He saw the publican ... narrating with coarse glee to a fellow-poisoner how he had copped the old — on the hop and lambed him down to rights.-A.C. Grant. Lamb, lam, to (popular). Vide
To LAMM. Lambs (common), the roughs at
an election employed to create a disturbance and break up the meetings held by and in favour of an opposing candidate. Also roaghs of any kind.
The bold Bendy, who until the past year or two was notorious as the foremost “bully boy" amongst the lambs of Nottingham.-J. Greenwood : Low-Life Deeps. Lame duck. Vide DUCK. Lammie Todd (tailors), a phrase
used by tailors, meaning “I
would if I could." Lamm, to (popular) to beat, strike.
From the Icelandic hlemma, to beat, bruise; Anglo-Saxon lama, Irish lamh, old Norse lamr, Hotten deriving it from the old Norse lam, hand. Lam is originally to strike with the hand.
Compare smack, to slap, and
Irish smac, the palm of the
hand. This word is old Eng-
lish, and is now used only by
slang-talking people.
Dauber, to beat, swindge, lamme.-
Cotgrave.
De vellers ash lam de Romans dill dey
roon mit noses plue.
- Charles G. Leland: Breitmann
Ballads.
But forty-nine more were wanted, and I
was getting mad,
For I hadn't done what I wanted, which
was, I'll now expound,
To lamm the ball to a certain and distant
part of the ground.
-Bird o' Freedom. Lamm it on, lay it on, hit hard. Lammy (thieves), a blanket. An
allusion to lamb and wool. Lamp country (military), walking
out at night without money in one's pockets. The soldier's hours of recreation are generally after dark, when the lights are lit, and if he has no funds to defray entrance to places of amusement, or pay for refreshments at other houses of call, he has to be content with lamp
country. Lamp-post (common), a nickname for a tall lanky individual, much in vogue among schoolboys. A
synonym is “sky-topper.” Lampresado, defined in the New
Canting Dictionary as one who comes into company with but twopence in his pocket! An
impostor, an informer. Lamps (thieves and others), the
eyes. The synonyms in French
Landed (popular). A man is said
to be landed when he has amassed a fortune large enough to keep him for the rest of his life.
(Thieves), to be landed, explained by quotation. When I fell this time I had between four and five quid found on me, but they gave it me back, so I was landed (was all right).-Horsley: Jottings from Jail. Land-grabber (common), farmer
who rents a farm from which another has been evicted.
Oh, those dreadful Irish! Fiendish affair reported in Banner. Goose belong. ing to Nationalist deliberately allowed to wander about meadow rented by a landgrabber, and eat up grass. Land-grabber's horse consequently has to go short of green food, poor starved thing! The Coercion Bill must be pressed on at all hazards.Funny Folks.
Landlubber (nautical), a useless
long-shorer ; a vagrant stroller. Applied by sailors to the mass of landsmen, especially those without employment (Admiral Smyth).
Landsharks (nautical), crimps,
pettifogging attorneys, shop-
mongers and the canaille in-
festing the slums of seaport
towns (Admiral Smyth). Also
lawyers.
Land, to (common), to bit, to
place a blow, to fall.
And he landed the P. P. to rights, and he
dodged his redoubtable digits,
And Grimthorpe cried, Go for him, G. G. !
-Punch.
To Mitchellise him till he couldn't hit half an ounce, or land within half a mile of a haystack.-Punch.
(Common), to land a kick, to bring one's foot in violent contact with a person's breech. Also “to hoof, hoof one's bum, to root," &c. (Popular), landing it hot, hitting hard ; land, to strike.
Lan-tun (pidgin), London. “Hab
muchee man in Lan-tun town,
but flom dat tim I know.” Lap (old cant), tea. (Popular),
liquor, drink. Lap is a term invariably used in the balletgirls' dressing - room for gin
(Hotten). Lap ears (American University),
students of a religious turn of mind are so called ; also donkeys. Lapland (popular), the society of
women, an expression derived from the female sex being called
“cats.” Lapper (popular), a rare lapper,
a hard drinker. (Thieves), drink.
Her fingers so lovely and taper, ah, yes,
No hand e'er had fingers like those ;
But the way she has got of just clenching
the lot,
And landing me hot on the nose !
-Song: Poor Mr. Coppit.
Lane, Harriet (military), pre
served or tinned meat. A modern epithet on a ration now much used in campaigns, and obviously derived from the unfortunate girl Harriet Lane, who was murdered by Wainwright, and put by in a box with chloride of lime, which preserved instead of destroying the body.
Lane, red (popular), the throat. Lane, the (legal). Chancery Lane
is always spoken of by lawyers as The Lane. (Theatrical), a colloquial abbreviation among the employés of Drury Lane for the theatre. (Popular and thieves), Petticoat Lane. (Thieves), the Lane, represented, in the slang of the criminal classes, Horsemonger Lane Gaol.
Laprogh (tinker), a goose or
duck; a bird of any kind. Lap, to (common), to drink.
(American), this word still retains many old meanings among American thieves and gamblers, or has taken new ones, such as to pick up, to take, steal, wipe out, put out of sight, drink, and buttermilk, which, like lap, is also a term for gin. A "laptea” is where there are so many guests that girls sit in one another's laps, or in those of the men, or where it is done for pleasure. A “lap - ride," where the same thing is done in a vehicle. "To lap a girl.” “Do you let George lap you?” “No, we only sit sideways as yet.” To lap the gutter, vide GUTTER.
Lardy-da, lah-de-dah (common),
a word borrowed from the refrain of a song which was popular some twenty years ago. Applied to a fop or dandy. At the bar, forming the central figure of a group otherwise composed of lah-de-dah youths (now known as imitation dudes), stood a short, stocky-built man of about thirty-five years of age.-American Newspaper. Lardy - dardy toffs (popular),
effeminate swells. Large blue kind, the (American).
This very eccentric expression, signifying magnitude and intensity, seems to have been suggested by blue bottle flies, which are larger and more disliked than any others. A particularly bad humbug or lie is sometimes described as being one of the
large blue kind. Large order. Vide ORDER. Largo, largey, largo (g soft like ;)
(pidgin), much, great, magnanimous, loud. Expresses magnitude or extent of all kinds. My largo man, my have catchee peace, my have catchee war.-Points and Pickings of Information about China (London, 1844). Lárkin (tinkers), a girl. This is
curious as indicating an affinity between the Hindustani lárki, a girl, and the gypsy rakli. (Anglo-Indian), a very strong
spiced punch. Lark rig. Vide RIG. Larks (American thieves), boys
who steal newspapers from doorsteps.
“Boy, why don't your father take a newspaper,” said a man to a small lark, whom he had just found larking his morning Tribune.
“He generally does," was the reply, “but this mornin' he sent me to take one wherever I could snap it."— Tribune. Larky subaltern's coach, the
(military), a carriage which used to be attached nightly to a goods train, starting from the Nine Elms Station at 2.30 A.M. for Aldershot, put on for the convenience of military officers who had from various causes got benighted in London, and missed the ordinary train. Larky, as used here, is probably from
the phrase, “up with the lark.” Larn-pidgin (pidgin), learn
pigeon; an apprentice, a boy admitted by favour of the upper servants to a house that he may learn English and domestic duties.
Larrikin (common), a rough, a
wild fellow.
And yonder yelling fools contrive
To lend some truth to Mammon's text.
The laziest larrikin alive,
With babbling tongue and brow per-
plex'd,
Can help do that.
-Punch.
Imported from Australia,
where it is sometimes abbre-
viated to lary.
In your article on “Our Larrikins” of
June 2nd, you invite an explanation of
the origin of this Colonial synonym for
“rough.” If the common account be
correct, it arose out of a misunderstanding.
An Irishman, on being brought up for
unruly behaviour before an Australian
magistrate, excused himself by saying that
he was only “larkin'.” Any one familiar
with the peculiarities of the Irish brogue
will easily realise how the two-syllabled participle was mistaken for a three-syl. labled noun.-Celt in the Spectator..
Lascar (Anglo-Indian), originally meaning a soldier, “lashkari.” It has now become a generally used term for a Malay sailor. In the French army the term is applied to a bold, devil-may-care fellow..
Late-play (Westminster School),
a half-holiday, or holiday be
ginning at noon. Lather, to (popular), to beat, thrash. My father is a barber,
And is unkind to me,
So I'd rather lather father,
Than father lather me.
- Popular Song. Latty (theatrical), a bed. Vide
LETTY. La Launch, to (Winchester College),
to pull a bed over a “man."
Lashins (Irish), large quantities. Lashool (tinker), nice. Irish,
“lachool." Lass, to (American, Western), to
catch with the lasso, lariat, or reata.
It don't pay to have fellows blazing off their revolvers, and stampeding the cattle, and spurring their horses on the shoulders, and always going on a lape, and driving cattle at a lape too, and lassing steers by the fore feet on the trail, and throwing 'em head over heels, just for the satisfaction of hearing the thud they make when they fall.-F. Francis : Saddle and Moccasin.
Last of the Barons (legal), a
nickname given to the “Baron of Exchequer” last appointed, sinna afterwards the Court of Exchequer was done away with, and merged in that of Queen's Bench, and no more barons would therefore be appointed.
Lavender-cove (popular), a pawn. broker. So called because property is there laid up“in laven.
der." Lavender, in (turf), is said of a
man or horse to denote that he is ill, unfit, out of the way. Most people are tired of waiting for the Beaver, who was put down as certain to win one of the early spring handicaps, but so far has been in lavender.—Bird o' Freedom
(Common), laid in lavender, put away, pawned, or left in lodging for debt. From the practice of placing lavender in drawers in which clothes are kept.
(Thieves), hidden from the police. Lawful time (Winchester College),
at the end of “log-time," or preparation on a “remedy" or holiday, the prefect on duty calls out lawful time, as an an
And a boy with a catapult
A layin for the cat;
The cat's name is Susan,
The boy's name is Jim;
And his father round the corner
Is a layin by for him.
-American Ballad. Lay it on, to (common), to ex
aggerate.
The member who moved an amendment throwing responsibility upon the employé as well as the employer was told he was “laying it on too thick," and the amend. ment was defeated.-Funny Folks. Lay one out, to (roughs and
thieves), to kill one.
Several of the prisoners were with him. Galletly was saying, “I've laid one out" to the other prisoners. ... Witness also saw the knife, and there was blood on it half way up the steel.--Evening News.
Lawn, the (sporting), Ascot Lawn.
Lay (thieves and roughs), par-
ticular business, line of work,
pursuit, enterprise.
Kept a leaving shop-a sort of unlicensed
pawnbroker's, you know ... that wos
his lay for years.-J. Greenwood: Dick
Temple.
A dodge, swindle.
To a constable he told the misadventure of
the day,
But the man in blue responded, “It's a
very common lay, Did she talk about a child, sir ?" Said
the innocent, "She did.”
“I thought so," said the officer—"but,
bless you, that's her kid !”
-Sporting Times.
Alas, that writer kept it, too,
Reminded me of debts long due,
Then lodged me safe in Holloway
The victim of a heartless lay.
-Bird o' Freedom.
On the lay, at work.
Dodger! Charley! It's time you were
on the lay.—Dickens : Oliver Twist.
In America (north-east coast),
a lay is a share in a venture.
(Tailors), a good lay, an economical method of cutting, or when a man is doing any. thing that will be beneficial to
himself or others. Lay down the knife and fork, to
(common), to die.
Layer. Vide To LAY.
Lay for, to (American), to lie in
wait for, to ambush. Also “to
lay by for."
There's a cat in the garden
A layin for a rat,
Lay out (American), a turn.
“It's my lay out," i.e., it's my turn. “Boys, yer got me this time. They've called her 'Utella!' as near my name as they could get, and it's my lay out. What'll ye hev?”
The glasses clinked merrily, and Mr. Bill beamed with happiness.--New York Star
Lay over, to (American), to de
feat, excel, surpass. Probably derived from wrestling. “Can you write?”
“Well, I've seed people could lay me over, thar.”—Mark Twain: A Tramp Abroad.
“In scolding a blue jay can lay over
anything human or divine.” — Mark
Twain : A Tramp Abroad.
Lay them down, to (thieves), to
play cards.
Lay, to (turf), to bet for or
against.
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Leafless tree (old cant), the gal
lows. Oh! there never was life like the robber's
-So Jolly, and bold, and free; And its end-why, a cheer from the crowd
below, And a leap from a leafless tree!
- Lord Lytton: Paul Clifford. Lean (printers), this is a metaphor
used to indicate solid or bad paying work in contradistinction to “ fat” or good work.
Leanaway (slangy Australian),
one who is tipsy. The metaphor is of course from the
drunkard's reeling. Leap the book (common), a false
marriage, or one which is illegal.
He overheard one noble penciller tell another ominously that “he could lay the favourite."--Bird o' Freedom.
To lay the field, vide FIELD. (Common), to lay one's shirt on a horse, to lay all one's money
on a horse. Lead (theatrical), the most im.
portant part in a play. Miss — who returned from abroad yesterday, has, we learn, refused to entertain an offer to play "the lead” in the old English comedies at the Strand Theatre. Daily News.
(Thieves), lead, or friendly lead, a collection made for one "in trouble.”
I was landed without them getting me a lead (collection). — Horsley : Jottings from Jail. Lead or leader (Australian min
ing slang), a vein of gold.
The leader is the vein or deposit of gold in an Australian gold mine: said always to run north and south, which if it be true is a phenomenon of magnetism. In size, form, and value, the precious metal within a certain area will present great diversities. Sometimes the leader from which the gold is presumably discharged could be identified if it were not that specimens of an entirely opposite character embedded in greenstone, some. times combined both with greenstone and quartz, sometimes with quartz alone. Often it is as fine as flour, again it will range from “colours” to nuggets of several ounces. It may be worth only.£2, 18s. per ounce: it may and does assay £3, 18s. and €4.- Queenslander. Leading juvenile (theatrical),
the expression explains itself. Corresponds to the jeune premier of the French.
Hamlet is the “ lead,” Laertes the lead. ing juvenile, and Horatio, though an excellent pal, is known as the walking gentleman.-Globe.
Leary (popular and thieves),
wide - awake, knowing, wary.
Leary-bloke, a knowing or art-
ful man.
But mummery and slummery
You must keep in your mind,
For every day, mind what I say,
Fresh fakements you will find.
But stick to this while you can crawl,
To stand till you're obliged to fall;
And when you're wide-awake to all,
You'll be a leary man.
-The Leary Man. From lear or lere, to learn, obsolete or provincial English. On that sad book his shame and loss he leared.
-Spenser. Leary cum Fitz (theatrical), a
vulgar, impudent minor theatre actor, is usually described as
a regular Leary cum Fitz. Leather (American thieves), a
pocket-book.
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He burst out into a grin, when the magistrate, who was up to his little game, suddenly asked him if he remembered how a certain elderly gentleman had been robbed of his pocket-book while going on board a steam ferry-boat. “Don't I just remember," he cried, “how we lifted' the old bloke's 'leather.'”-American Newspaper.
(Football), the leather, the football. Leather-head (Canadian), a swin
dler.
Now the Senator is only a leather-head, who made his pile by such and such a swindle, and the parson is a gospel-shark, or devil-dodger.-Phillipps-Wolley: Trottings of a Tenderfoot.
Leather-hunting (cricket), this
term is sometimes used to mean fielding. A leather-hunting game is one in which there is much
fielding to be done. Leather-necks (naval), a term
for soldiers; from their leather stock, which to a sailor, with his neck free of any hindrance, must appear such an uncom
fortable appliance. Leathers (popular), the ears,
otherwise “lugs." Leather, to (popular), to beat. Leaving shop (thieves and
others), an unlicensed pawnbroker's establishment.
Leer (old cant), a print, a news
paper; old English lere, to learn. Leet jury (popular), explained by
quotation.
The meddlesome fellows who had caused the disagreeable exposure were called a leet jury, whose business it was to pounce on evil-doers whenever they thought fit, once in the course of every month.-). Greenwood: Seven Curses of London. Left forepart (tailors), the wife. Left-handed wife (common), a
mistress. Left, or sinister, is in all languages applied to that which is doubtful or bad. In gypsy bongo means left-handed, crooked, or evil. Compare the French “mariage de la main
gauche.”
Left, over the. Vide OVER THE
LEFT.
Leg (turf), abbreviation for black-
leg, a bookmaker or ring-man. Leg-bail, to give (common), to
run away, or decamp from lia
bility. Leggings (popular), a name for
stockings. Leg it, to (popular), to run. Legs (American cadet), a nick.
name given to a tall lanky
man, one who is sparely and
angularly built.
Legs and arms (tailors), beer
without any “body” in it.
Lel (gypsy), to take, to arrest.
Not uncommon among the lower
orders in London. The writer
has heard “Look out, or you'll
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get lelled,” said by one young girl to another within a few
few steps of Regent Street. It is from the third person indicative present, lela; first person, lava, I take. This use of the third person for all the others is usual in posh an' posh (half and half), or corrupted Romany,
and it occurs in Hindustani. Length (theatrical), an arbitrary
division of a part into so many components, after this fashion. Hamlet is thirty-seven lengths, and seventeen lines. Each length is forty-two lines. Actors do not learn their parts, they “study” them, and they measure each part by lengths.-Globe.
(Thieves), six months' imprisonment. Let her flicker (American), said:
of any doubtful issue, the simile being that of a flame flickering in a draught of air, when it is doubtful whether it will be blown out or not. It may be remarked that in American slang there is more metaphor than in
that of any other country. Let her up! Let 'er up! (Ame
rican), stop there, be quiet for an instant, hear what I have to say. This agrees exactly with the Dutch Let 'er op! Let 'er op wat ik se zeg! “Mark
what I say to ye.” Let his marbles go with the
monkey, to (American), an eccentric phrase derived from a story of a boy whose marbles were carried off by a monkey.
But my sanguinary hearers—let 'em try it. Dey'll find dat Yankee Doodle ain't de boy to luff his marbles go wid de monkey-not by a free (three) pint-jug full --for he's bound to go ahead and let 'er rip.-Brudder Bones's Complete Entertainment. Let in, to (society), to cause to
lose money by not very upright means; it is a common expression in society. To let in a friend is a low trick, and means to deceive, defraud, trick him.
It is their friends and acquaintances who are let in by them. - Saturday Review.
(American), to attack, beat, abuse.
“I let in to the coot about east, I can tell yer,” remarked Jake. “I gave him my opinion of himself, and threw in a character, gratis, of all his relations, all the way down to his aunt's sisters."Fireplug Moses. Let it slide (American, of English
origin), leave it to chance, leave it alone, do without it. The metaphor is of course that of watching a thing slip without attempting to save it.
Let on, to (English and American),
to appear to know or to show any acquaintance with a subject with which one may be quite familiar. Now, if I wanted to be one of those ponderous scientific people, and let on to prove what had occurred in the remote past, by what had occurred in a given time in the recent past, or what will occur in the far future by what has occurred in late years, what an opportunity is here! Geology never had such a chance, nor such exact data to argue from.-Mark Τουαίη.
pearance of artificial causes of depression in themoney-market, thus causing money to become “ tighter" and loans more diffi
cult to obtain. Let up on, to (American), to
cease, to pause, rest, give over for a time. You can't be mum-you cannot sing, You cannot always smile, You must let up on everything From time to time awhile.
-A Poem : Susan of Poughkeepsie.
Also to admit, as, he never let
on he knew me.
Letter perfect (theatrical), know-
ing one's part perfectly.
Let the band play (American),
equivalent to calling out for anything to begin, to start anything up, commence. A common cry to an orator to begin, or an exhortation to a speaker, actor, or any other person to let himself out, or make an effort (C. Leland Harrison's MS. Collection of Americanisms).
In England it is common to say, when anything reaches a climax, “ Then the band played.”
Tableau, and the band played.-Bird • Freedom. Letting down, or out, tucks
(American), a phrase referring to making preparations, for example, in a building, with a view to future alterations. It is borrowed from the custom of making the trousers of rapidly growing boys or the dresses of girls with tucks, so that they may be let out or lengthened.
In England, let down easily, means not taking advantage, or being lenient with one in
Levanter (common), a card
sharper, or defaulting gambler, who makes himself scarce. Vide To LEVANT. No prelusive murmurs had run before this wild levanter of change.-De Quincey. Levant, to (common), to go to
the Levant, that is, to run away from one's creditors, to abscond; to throw or run a levant, to play or stake and leave without paying in case of loss. Never mind that, man (having no money to stake), run a levant ... but be circumspect about the man.-Fielding : Tom Jones.
To levant, run a levant, originated in a pun on the words leave (provincial leve), and Levant. Compare with the French "faire voile en Levant," to purloin or steal, and the Italian “andare in Levante, venire di Levante," to carry away, steal, which are respectively from a play on lever and levare, to raise, lift. These phrases belong to the numerous class of jocular expressions coined in the same way with allusions to some
locality, as to be off to Bedfordshire or Land of Nod, to feel sleepy; to go to Peckham, feel hungry, formerly Hungarian ; those in bad circumstances are made to live in Queer Street, &c. In French we meet with punning phrases of the same class, “aller à Niort (nier),” to deny, the name of this town being suggested to the pedlars (who so much contributed to argot language) by the frequency of their visits to Niort, formerly famous for its fairs. "Aller à Versailles (verser),” to be upset; “aller à Cachan (se cacher)," to conceal oneself; "aller à Rouen (ruine),” to be ruined, a bankrupt; “ voyager en Cornouaille (être cornard),” to be made a cuckold (same metaphor in Italian); “envoyer à Mortagne (mort),” to kill; “aller à Patras (ad patres),” to die, &c. In Italian, “andar in Picardia, a Longone, a Fuligno," to be
hanged, &c. Level best (American), when a man does the best he can, plainly, squarely, and fairly, not extravagantly, but by his average ability. Let this be put upon his grave, He done his level best,
-Vewspaper Poems. Saying this he drew a wallet from the
inner of his vest, And gave the tramp a dollar which it was his level best.
-The Ballad of Charity. Level-headed (American), a man
of plain, practical common sense is said to be level-headed.
Levite (clerical), a term some
times used by beneficed divines of humble brethren whom they hire. The origin is to be found in the story of Micah and the young man of Bethlehem-Judah
in Judges xvii. 7-13. Levy (Liverpool), a shilling. A
term taken in all probability from the American levy, i.e., an abbreviation of elevenpenny bit, also commonly called a shilling. Hotten suggests that it is derived from levy, a term used among labourers for a sum of money advanced to a workman before he has earned it. There is a very great number of American terms current in Liverpool owing to its intimate commercial relations with New York.
Libb, libbege (old cant), a bed.
“Mill the cull to his long libb,” kill the man. From the Irish
leaba. Liberties (Eton), an immunity
from all fagging for the first
ten days. Liberty (Eton School), the first
six Oppidans, and the first six Oppidans in Fifth Form, who work with Sixth Form under the Head Master. (Nautical), liberty-man, a man on leave;
liberty-ticket, a pass. Libkins, lipken (old cant), house,
lodgings. From lib or lip, to
sleep, and ken, a general term
for house, dwelling.
I will not conceal aught I win out of
libkins, or from the ruffmans, but will
preserve it for the use of the company.-
Bampfylde-Moore Carew.
Library-cads (Winchester Col-
lege), two juniors who have to
keep the library in order, that
they may set off other fagging.
Lib, to (thieves), to sleep.
Lick and a promise (popular), a
wash of an imperfect nature.
“I'll just give my face a lick and
a promise,” i.e., will do it more
thoroughly later on. Also in
general use to signify a cheap
temporary remedy and repair
for anything. Miss Baker in her
"Glossary of Northamptonshire
Words" erroneously claimed
this as a provincialism. Licker (popular), " that's a licker
to me,” that “licks” me, is above my reach, beyond my
conception. Lickety split (American). This means headlong, or at full speed. It also implies sometimes go fast by exertion. There is an old English expression “to put in big licks,” to do one's best, also to lick, to beat, which probably gives the origin of this expression. Lickety split is synonymous with the equally elegant phrase “full chisel." He went lickety split down hill. Lickety cut and lickety liner are also used.-Bart. lett: Dictionary of Americanisms. Lick into fits, to (common), to
give a good thrashing.
Lickspittle (common), a parasite,
a cringing fellow. The French
lèche-bottes. Lie low, to (American), to keep
to one's bed. Lie off, to (turf), to make a wait
ing race by keeping some disstance in rear of the other horses. A jockey is said to "lie out of his ground” when he pushes the lying-off tactics to excess, and gets so far behind that he has little or no chance
of making up the lost ground. Lifer (thieves), a man sentenced
to penal servitude for life.
They know what a clever lad he is ; he'll be a lifer. They'll make the Art. ful nothing less than a lifer. — Charles Dickens : Oliver Twist.
Miss — would make it up with the comic villain if she could, but his comicality is too much for her, so he probably gets “a lifer.”—Referee.
Tillrecently there wasa distinc-
tion between being sentenced to
penal servitude for life and for
natural life. Good conduct
might cause the release after
some twenty-four years of a
person sentenced for life, e.g.,
Constance Kent. The writer
has had under him in prison a
man who had endured a life
sentence, got out, and got in
again.
Lift (football players), a kick at
football.
Lifter (old cant), a thief. Used
by Shakspeare in “Troilus and
Cressida.” The word survives in
shop-lifter, one who steals from
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tent, it is specially used by printers, being usually applied to credit at a public-house. While a man can obtain this he is safe from having his light
put out. Light bob (military), light in
fantry soldier.
a shop, but does not apply to
one who steals in a shop by false
weight and measure, and adul-
terated goods. Also a crutch. Lift, to (thieves), to steal.
At one time I had a very pleasant companion whose speciality was stealing cattle. He was a Newcastle man, and had done three “laggings" for lifting cattle. Evening News.
This should be naturally understood in the sense of taking off, removing, just as in French slang soulever, to raise, to lift, means to steal; but the Rev. A. Smythe Palmer's “Folk Etymology" says, “It has nothing to do with lift, raise, but is (like graf-t for graff), an incorrect form of liff, cognate with Gothic hliffan, Latin clepere, Greek kléptein, to steal. Klepto-mania is a mania
for lifting.” And so whan a man wold bryng them to
thryft, They wyll hym rob, and fro his good hym luft.
-The Hye Way to the Spyttel
Hous. A lift or lifter is an old word for a thief or shop-lifter; it now means a theft.
Is he so young a man and so old a lifter?-Shakspeare: Troilus and Cressida.
Women are more subtile ... than the cunningestfoyst, nip, lift. - Greene : Theeves falling out.
(Sport), to lift in a walking race is to lift your knees unduly into a run or shamble, to break into an unfair walk or trot.
Light feeder (thieves), a silver
spoon.
Light frigate (old cant), a woman
of loose morals.
Lightmans (old cant), night.
Or else he sweares by the lightmans
To put our stamps in the Harmans.
-T. Dekker : Lanthorne and
Candle-Light.
Light - master (printers). This
term is applied to the man who acts as a “go-between” between the landlord of the house of call and the workmen that avail themselves of it. He is generally one of the workmen of a large establishment, and introduces new clients, and arranges matters, and gives the landlord the “tip" in case the indebted one should be leaving his situation, and thus probably avoiding payment.
Lightning (common), a name for
gin.
The man holds out a tin mug in his dirt - begrimed hand. According to his views, this is the first step of hospitality. She sniffs cautiously..
“Don't like its smell.”
" It's lightning."
The child takes a gulp of the raw spirit,
chokes, coughs, and bursts into angry
sobs.-Savage London.
Charley Dix, cut his sticks, like bricks.
-Punch. This morning did my laundress bring
My shirt back in a stew,
Says she, “If I wash this again,
I shall wash it into two."
"Into two !"I cried, “you don't mean that?
Go, wash away like bricks,
For you'll be doing me a service
If you'll wash it into six."
- Popular Song. Like one o'clock (popular),
rapidly. “She tipped off her twopen'orth like one o'clock.”
Lightning changers, shifters
(American), women thieves who can in a minute, by adroit and ingenious manipulation, change their dress in a most extraordinary manner. The process is fully described in the following extract from the Chicago Tribune :She was arrayed in the garments of a lightning change artist, and could, without the removal of an article, change her dress into four distinct styles. When arrested she wore a black cashmere dress, a tightfitting bodice of the same colour and material, and a hat with a wide brim. A swift displacement of hooks, eyes, and buttons, a deft adjustment of unseen fastenings here and there, a crushing squeeze of the hat, and the woman stood with a brown woollen dress with corded front bodice, and a neat little turban upon her head. Another set of manipulations and the dress was transformed into a gown, the turban gave place to a coif, a chaplet fell from the girdle, and the woman stood arrayed as a brown nun. Once more a tug of the skirt, a yank at the coif and waist, a flash of the hands, everywhere at once, and the nun was transformed into a young lady of aspiring fashion, in bright-coloured alpaca and the original wide-brimmed hat.
There is also a dress worn by women of this class in Paris, consisting of all the garments in one, so made that in a few seconds the whole may be slipped off, and the wearer be left in cuerpo.
Lil (gypsy and common canting),
a book, a paper or document or letter, a five-pound note. In American gypsy a lil is a dollar, also a bad bank-bill. In canting, a pocket-book. Gypsies call a
purse a kissi or gunno. Lily Benjamin (popular), a long · white coat, such as worn by
umpires at cricket. Lim (university), from Dr.
Limeon of King's; an evangelically-minded student, a “piman.” (American), a funny
fellow or clown.
Limb, an angry epithet applied to
an ill-tempered child or woman.
An abbreviation of limb of the
devil.
“Now listen, you young limb,” whis-
pered Sikes, drawing a dark lantern from
his pocket, and throwing the glare full on
Oliver's face, “I'm a going to push you
through there.”—Dickens: Oliver Twist.
A young or obscure lawyer is
vulgarly called a limb of the
law, or a limb of Satan. The
word, according to Halliwell's
“ Archaic Dictionary,” generally
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rate of remuneration yclept lineage, sufficient to provide him with whisky and cigarettes.-Bird o' Freedon.
Linen, the curtain in a theatre.
In Ireland they say, “Up with
the linen and make a beginnin'." Linen arbours (American cadet),
the dormitories.
seems to imply deterioration; a limb was even held to signify a determined sensualist. Aman overmuch addicted to a thing was anciently said to be a limb
for it. Limburger, the real (American),
used grotesquely in many ways, especially to anything actually or genuinely German. The Limburg cheese has a strong smell, which is intolerable to those who are not accustomed to it, for which reason it is sometimes called “knock me
down at forty rods." Lime basket (popular), as dry as
a lime basket, very thirsty. Mr. Chitling wound up his observations by stating that he had not touched a drop of anything for forty-two mortal long hard-working days ; and that "he wished he might be busted if he warn't as dry as a lime basket.”—Charles Dickens. Lime juicer (nautical), a nick.
name given by Americans to English vessels and seamen on account of the compulsory practice of serving out lime juice as
an anti-scorbutic. Line (tailors), a job line is an
occasional clearance; a bargain. (Common), on the line, a picture is said to be hung on the line at the Royal Academy when it is in the best position, that is, at the height of the spectator's
eye. Lineage (journalistic), contribu
tion to a newspaper paid at so
much a line.
He was a struggling young writer,
writer. already engaged on two weeklies, at a
Liner (studios), a picture hung
up high at the exhibition. (Journalistic), a casual reporter. Diminutive of penny-a-liner
(Hotten). Lines (theatrical), an actor's own
part which he has to learn. It may happen that an actor will know nothing whatever of the play in which he is taking part beyond his own lines and the cues which guide him.
(West America), explained by quotation. Without stopping the coach-horses or his own, Billy scrambled upon the vehicle with his post-bags, and relieved the driver of the lines.-H. L. Williams : In the Wild West.
Lint-scraper (medical), a young
and inexperienced medical man.
Applied by Mr. Batchelor to Mr.
Drencher, M.R.C.S.I., together
with other expletives, as pestle-
grinder, &c., in Thackeray's
“Lovel the Widower.”
Lintys (theatrical), a name
associated with sprites. Pos
sibly from the French lutins. Lionesses (Oxford), ladies visiting
an Oxford man.
Lip (popular), talk, impudence.
Lipey (popular), a common mode
of address among the lowest
class. “What cher, lipey, if you
see my Rachel, slap her chops,
and send her 'ome.” Possibly
from the German liebe.
Lip-lap, a vulgar and disparaging
nickname given in the Dutch East Indies to Eurasians, and corresponding to the AngloIndian chee-chee (Anglo-Indian Glossary). Lip, to give (nautical), to chatter,
to prattle, Liquor up (common), a drink.
To liquor up, to partake of alcoholic drink, generally at a bar. Of American origin, but the expression has become very common in all English-speaking countries. I had a thirsty neighbour next door, and so I accepted the offer of a liquor up. -Evening News.
The report of his mission included that he had passed the portals of the "Three Stoats” and “had liquored up" with the worthy landlord.-J. Greenwood : Dick Temple.
Lispers (old cant), the lips. The
derivation is obvious. Lissum (popular), pliant, supple. List, on the (popular), in dis
favour. An abbreviation of the well-known “on the black list." It was introduced in a popular opera, “The Mikado," and since that time has been very
general. Listening backwards (common),
or as in Ireland, “walking backwards.” Those who do these things are regarded as having the “evil eye,” and also the misuse of any faculty or talent.
Listening and walking backwards is
considered unlucky in Ireland, and chil-
dren are cautioned carefully to avoid both,
on the ground that God has given them
faculties to be rightly used, and not con-
trary to the manner for which these were
designed. I have often seen the children of
the peasantry severely reprimanded, and
not unfrequently punished, for breaches
of the direct natural law of the sense of
hearing and the order of motion.--Notes
and Queries.
Little ben (thieves), a waist-
coat.
Little church round the corner
(American), a slang term for a
drinking-place.
Little end of the horn (American),
an expression first made popu-
lar in the Jack Downing Let-
ters. Bartlett defines “coming
out at the little end of the horn"
as being said when a ridicu-
lously small effect has been
produced after great effort and
much boasting. It would be
more correct to define it as fail-
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ing or coming to loss, grief, or poverty in any way. Probably derived from old drinking customs. He who missed at guessing riddles was obliged to drink from the little end or tip of the horn while the victor drank from the brim. The horn seems in popular parlance to be connected with evil, contrary to old folk-lore, which made it a symbol of abundance and a protection against evil. “In a horn" is a refusal, or a qualification of falsehood. Horns denote a cuckold, and hornswoggle means mere nonsense or humbug.
grandiloquent assurance the island has ever since been
satirically called Little England. Little go (Cambridge University),
a public examination held early in the course, “which,” says Lyell, “from its being less strict or less important in its consequences than the final one, has received this appellation." . . . whether a regular attendance on the lecture of the college would secure me a qualification against my first public examination; which is here called the little go.- The Etonian.
Also called at Oxford "smalls.” You must be prepared with your list of books, your Testament for responsions (by undergraduates called little go or “smalls"), and also your certificate of matriculation.—Collegians' Guide.
Little Hell, explained by quota
tion.
There are few worse places in London than certain parts of Cow Cross, especially that part of it anciently known as Jack Ketch's Warren, or Little Hell, as the inhabitants more commonly designate it, on account of the number of subjects it produced for the operations of the common hangman.-Greenwood : Seven Curses of London.
Little England (West Indian),
Barbados. The inhabitants of this island rightly or wrongly are credited with egregious selfcomplacency and esteem. The following is the incident which led to this sobriquet being given to the miniature island in the Caribbean Sea, which to tell the truth is intensely British in everything compared to the other islands. Charles II. was in exile; he had lost his throne, and there seemed little chance of his ever recovering it. The plucky Brins, who were royalist to the backbone, then sent a humble address to the exiled king, “bidding him be of good cheer and stout of heart, reminding him in his exile that all was not lost, for, although all the world might be against him, Barbados was ever at his back.” In consequence of this
Little man (Eton), a footman.
He called the footman (or little man, as was the generic term for this class of domestic at my tutor's), and bade him reach down the obnoxious placard. To hear in this case was, unfortunately, not to obey. Little man visited the roof, reconnoitred the position, felt his own weakness, and, coming down, confessed to the tutor that he “dursna do it!"-Sketchy Memoirs of Eton. Little off, a (American, also
English), slightly incorrect or erroneous, insane, poor, re21
served. From a term used by
dealersin diamonds, “off colour.”
Your reply to "three Tribune subscribers” in this morning's Tribune in regard to private secretaries of United States Senators is a little off. - Chicago Tribune,
After that he was always a little off, as he had no money left, or friends to help him. He was a queer fellow, that old man, and he had a gait in walking I shall never forget.-Chicago Tribune.
(Common), little off colour, unwell, slightly intoxicated. Little side (Rugby), a term ap
plied to all games at Rugby organised from a “house" standard, e.g., little side football.
in Europe, what is required is not a man who “knows French,” or who has been to college, or moved in society, but a “live practical man," plainly indicating that in the mind of the editor in question there is a direct antagonism between education and capacity to fill responsible offices. Of late live, extended from America to England, has begun to signify excellence, even in inanimate objects. So Maria and me goes to a big 'ouse in a fried fish and whelk-stall sort o' neighbourhood. We goes up ever so many stairs till we gets into a enormous attic at the top, when you 'as to pass mysterious like through a big curting. The attic had all its walls covered with noosepapers in foreign languages, and proclamations was stuck up with big borders, as reminded me of the big posters of “a wholesale grocery store will open on Saturday night. A real live glass milk-jug and a splendid pair of plated tongs given to every lady that buys one pound of our two-shilling Bohea."-Fun: Murdle Visiting.
Little snakesman (thieves), a
young thief who is passed through an aperture to let in
the others. Live (American), not only alive,
but also intelligent, vigorous, and progressive. “A live Yankee.” In the Western newspapers “a live man" seems to generally signify one who is vigorous and intelligent but un. educated, in accordance with a popular belief that an individual who has never been to school, or at least who has had only the simplest education, must naturaily be far better qualified for positions requiring culture and knowledge than any other. The writer has before him a number of one of the most widely circulated journals in America, in which it is editorially asserted that to fill diplomatic appointments
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Loaded for bears (American).
This expression signifies that a man is slightly intoxicated, enough to feel ready to confront danger. Equivalents for it are, a little shot, soothed, a
little set up. Loaded to the gunwales (Ameri
can), intoxicated, full.
Sis said she was afraid you'd come home and make it lively for em, but Sis' beau said he guessed you wouldn't come home and make any trouble, as he saw you at a sample-room loaded to the gunwales. What did he mean ?-St. Paul Globe. Load on (American). A man
who walks unsteadily, owing to intoxication, is said to have a load on, “to be loaded,” “to have a turkey on his back," i.e., to have more than he can carry. Also “He walks like he was carrying a pig, and a darned discontented one at that.” Also English.
to idlers and hangers-about of every description. The term is now recognised and in common use in England. There have been many suggestions as to the origin of this now familiar word. Bartlett declares, rather boldly, that it came into the United States "probably from Mexico or Texas, and derives it from the Spanish gallofero, or gallofo, a vagabond.” But this would imply the first Mexican war, at least, as the date of its advent. The word loafer, however, was common in New England and Philadelphia in 1834, 1835, but it was generally applied by boys to “pilfering." They would say in jest, “Where did you loaf that?” Loafer, merely as a drunken, thievish bummer, succeeded this.
At this time all the sketches of the genus loafer represented him as a petty pilferer, one who carried a gimlet and tube with him to steal whisky from the barrels, and who was popularly regarded as a lazy sponger of food and garments. In the first year of the New York Herald, and in the sketches of J. C. Neal as well as in other “life pictures" of the time, the loafer is always a pilfering bummer of the lowest class. It was several years before the word was extended to mean a flâneur of any kind whatever. Bartlett says that “the origin of this word is altogether uncertain. Two etymologies have been suggested for it; namely, the German laufer,
Load up, to (American), a term
peculiar to the Stock Exchange, meaning to obtain or accumulate.
The few men who make money in Wall Street speculation sell when the crowd is clamouring to buy, as they have been the last week, and the many who lose always rush in on such occasions to load up to the extent of their ability.-Stock Report.
a runner (compare the Dutch Leeglooper and landlooper, a vagrant), and the Spanish gallofero, abbreviated gallofo, whence the Italian gagloffo (?), a wandering mendicant, a vagabond. The Spanish gallofa means what was given to the galloferos, alms, vegetables, &c.” It may here be observed that laufer in German thieves' slang is the abbreviate of landlaufer, which means exactly and precisely a tramp or loafer in its later American sense. As regards the Dutch, there is in its low slang the word loever, from loeven, to go (gaan), to stroll about; but with the sense of going astray or out of the course. Compare (says Teirlinck) with loeven, op zee van den koers ofwijken, op side sturen (to go aside out of the courseto luff). Loever is pronounced almost like loafer, and meaning the same, that is, one who idly strolls here and there, allows but little room for doubt as to its New York derivation. In old English cant loaver was the same with loure, to steal, as well as money. It would seem as if it had kept an unnoticed place in English slang, and then in America been influenced by or combined with the Dutch loever, or loefer, f being synonymous with v.
one loafed rather energetically, for he was hot and frantic in his play.-H. Kingsley: Ravenshoe.
(American University), to borrow anything, generally without
any intention of returning it. Loaver (popular), money. From
the gypsy louver, specie, or
coin. Lob (thieves), a till; properly
something heavy. Lob-sneaking, stealing the contents of tills. To pinch a lob has the same signification. Lob-crawler, a thief who crawls into a shop, and behind the counter, to rifle the till.
Poor old Tim, the lob-crawler, fell from Racker and got pinched.--Horsley : Jottings from Jail.
Also a box, snuff-box. (Pugi. listic), the head. Properly a
large lump.
Lobber or looper (American),
run, curdled, coagulated, run
together. A New York term,
from the Dutch loopen, to run;
hy heft de loop, he has a loose-
ness; een loopend water, run-
ning water. Bartlett says very
correctly that the proper term
is loppered.
Loblolly boy, a derisive term for
a surgeon's mate in the navy.
Loblolly is water-gruel, or spoon
meat.
from the colour of their coats. Soldiers were sometimes and are still called crabs. The name of lobster has been in later times transferred to the policeman.
Lobster-box (popular), a barrack. Lobster, to (Winchester College),
to weep, which makes the eyes
and face red. Lock jailors), “on the lock,”
attending to prisoners. (Old cant), a receiver of stolen goods.
That woman they spoke to is a lock, alias receiver and buyer of stolen goods. -Hitchin: A True Discovery, &C.
Abbreviated from “ lock all fast,” which had the same meaning. The lock, the magazine or warehouse whither the thieves carry stolen goods. Lock, also chance, , means of livelihood. “He stood a queer lock," he stood an indifferent chance. “What lock do you cut?” how do you get your livelihood ? In this sense it seems to be the same word as lurk, which has the same meaning. It must be remembered that in many canting diction. aries distortions of words con
stantly occur. Lockees (Westminster School),
lock-house. Locker (old cant), explained by
quotation. I am a locker, I leave goods at a house and borrow money on them, pretending that they are made in London.-Hitchin: A True Discovery, &C.
Vide Lock.
Lock, stock, and barrel (Ameri.
can). Bartlett says of this phrase that it means the whole, a figurative expression borrowed from sportsmen and having reference to a gun. Sometimes we hear horse, foot, and artillery used in the same phrase. It is also very commonly used to say that anything has been so renewed that nothing of the original is left, from the story of a fine gun which had belonged to General Washington or some other great man, and of which certain portions were new, such as the lock, stock, barrel, and ramrod. Also used in reference to a knife which had a new blade, and then a new handle, and again a new blade, and so on for many restorations, but which “was
still the same old knife.” Lock-ups (Harrow School), de
tention in study. Loco-foco (American). Bartlett
defines this, as “ 1. A self-ignit-
ing match (or cigar); 2. the
name by which the Democratic
party was (till within a few
years) extensively distinguished
throughout the United States.”
He also gives the history of the
match, and how its name came
to be applied to the Democrats,
all of which the writer can con-
firm from memory. It is very
doubtful, however, whether the
matches took their name from
“locomotive.” The wild flash
which the first matches made
when "snapped off” was greatly
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admired. They were sold in combs of about twenty matches in the piece, 144 matches costing 12 cents (6d.). This was in 1834, 1835. Boys regarded them as a kind of fireworks. The writer was the first to introduce them to his school, and to a large rural neighbourhood, where they excited as much astonishment as they now do among savages. He has always been under the impression since early boyhood that the name is derived from a barbarous combination of loco, the Spanish for “mad,” and foco (i.e. fuego), “fire,” literally wild-fire. Marck, the inventor or patentee, had in all probability the German word irrlicht, as well as the English “wild-fire,” to guide him in the name.
Log-rolling (American), explained
as follows by the Cornhill Magazine: “Log-rolling is a somewhat rare term in England, but is well understood at Washington. When a backwoodsman cuts down trees, his neighbours help him to roll them away, and in return he helps them with their trees; so in Congress, when members support a bill, not because they are interested therein, but simply to gain the help of its promoters for some scheme of their own, their action is called log-rolling." A log-rolling in America, where neighbours meet to bring logs together to build a house, is generally made the occasion of a frolic.
Locomotive (American), a drink
made of half of the yolk of an egg, a tablespoonful of honey, a dash of curaçoa, a flavouring of cloves, all whisked thoroughly together in a quarter of a pint of hot Burgundy. A winter drink.
![[blocks in formation]](images/000411.png)
Logy (American), dull, slow,
awkward; "he's a regular logy."
Also loggy, i.e., like a log. It
would seem also to be derived
from the Dutch log, heavy, slow,
unwieldy. Een log verstand, a
dull wit (Jewel).
John Clossen was a real logy,
Heavy, bungling, dull old fogy,
Yet he had his startlin' flashes,
Now and then like flames from ashes,
![[blocks in formation]](images/000002.png)
Loller (American), usually ap
plied to a lively, sportive damsel,
or “bit of muslin.”
Oh, if she is a loller,
I would like to be her loll !
And if she is a scholar,
Let me turn into a schol!
Or whate'er she scholarises
Or whate'er she tries to do,
Or what kind of game arises,
So she'd only put me through!
-A Song: Poor Jones. Lolly (pugilistic), the head. Lone ducks, lone doves, quiet
mice. Women who hire their apartments, where they receive gentlemen visitors, or who go with them to houses of assignation. A woman without a souteneur, one who tries as much as possible to evade observation,
Long feathers (army), straw.
In French argot plume de Beauce. La Beauce, formerly a province, is renowned for its
wheat, and consequently straw. Long firm (common), an associa
tion of swindlers who pretend to be a solvent firm of traders. It is called bande noire by the French.
The Austrian Consul-General in London having informed the Vienna Chamber of Commerce that Austrian merchants have repeatedly incurred heavy loss by giving credit to long firms in England, the Chamber has issued a notice warning traders of the risk of opening accounts with foreign customers, without first obtaining satisfactory information respecting their position.—Standard.
The police reports give us occasional glimpses of what are called long firms, but glimpses which are for the most part deceptive. They show us small bands of disreputable people taking premises in busy quarters, starting sham businesses, and obtaining goods from manufacturers for which they never intend to pay, and which they dispose of as quickly as possible at any price they will fetch. The reports go on to show us how this kind of thing lasts until one or other of the victimised manufacturers sets the police upon the track of the swindlers, who are invariably hunted up and arrested, when the business collapses... Thor Fredur: Shady Places,
pearance. This class of women has increased incredibly within a very few years in London, as
in all the larger American cities. Long (University), explained by
quotation. “ Last Long ?” “Hem ! last protracted vacation.”—Charles Reade: Hard Cash. Long bow. Vide DRAW. Long ear (American University),
a sober, religiously - minded student. The reverse is called
a short ear. Long-faced one (army), a horse.
Long-ghost (common), a tall,
thin person. Long-haired chum (tailors), a
young woman, a young lady friend.
Long-knife (American), a white man, so called from the swords which the first settlers wore. The term came from the Algonkin Indians. In Chippeway to this day the term for a white man is chee-mokomon, i.e., great or long-knife. The writer once knew a very refined and beauti. ful young lady, a Miss Foster, of Philadelphia, and also an old Indian whose name meant “He who changes his position while sitting,” but who was termed Martin “ for short.” Martin usually smoked a very handsome poaugun, or pipe mounted with silver, but one day he appeared with a miserable affair, made of freestone, not worth a sixpence. On the writer's asking him what he had done with the fine calumet, he replied, “I sold it yesterday to the chee-mokomon ikweh,”-tothelong-knifewoman. The “long-knife woman” referred to was Miss Foster.
at the moment, and against which the bookmakers therefore give a larger rate of odds. It is in fact a form of speculating for the rise.
Button Park and Bonnie Lassie, at 33 to I each, seem fairly well backed; but the outsiders that smack of business amongst the long-shot division are Ten Broeck and Althorp.--Bird o Freedom. How oft at morn we've laughed to scorn
A long shot's chance to win;
How oft at eve we've had to grieve
O'er our departed tin.
We've had the tip, and let it slip,
What's done we can't retract,
And we have to pay on the settling day,
O'er the winner we might have backed.
- Sporting Times.
Long-oats (army), fork or handle
of a broom used to belabour a
horse with. Long paper (Winchester College),
paper for writing tasks on. Longs (Fenian), rifles.
Longs and “shorts” for rifles and revolvers were familiar enough names to those who followed the Fenian trials a score of years ago.-St. James's Gazette. Longs and shorts (gambling
cheats), cards contrived for
cheating. Long-shore butcher (nautical),
a coastguardsman. Long shots (turf), to take the
long shots is to back a horse which is not in popular favour
Long-tailed one (thieves), a bank
note for a large amount. Long tails (sporting), pheasants,
greyhounds. Long ton (miners), twenty
one hundredweight. In the coal trade they usually reckon
twenty-one tons as twenty. Long trot (popular), explained by
quotation. We was 'bliged to shoot the load afore we could begin ag'in. Sometimes we had to do the long trot (go home) with it, and so sp'iled a whole arternoon. -Greenwood : Seven Curses of London. Lonsdale's nine-pins (political),
the nine boroughs for which Lord Lonsdale used to send up members to St. Stephen's. A repartee connected with them is attributed to Burke.
![[blocks in formation]](images/000023.png)
Looking on (turf), one of the
many terms which imply that a horse is not intended to do
his best in a race. Look nine ways for Sundays, to
(nautical), to squint.
Loocher (Anglo-Indian), a low
and especially a lascivious blackguard. Hind. luchcha, a lecher; the being one, luchchi pana. In English gypsy luchipen or lut
chipen, lustfulness. Loo'd, looed (English and Ameri
can), beaten or defeated. “A term borrowed from the game called '100'" (Bartlett). In a list of imaginary last words attributed to notorious Southern characters, Bella Boyd, a celebrated fast woman and female spy, was represented as saying, “ I'm looed.” In provincial
English, looed means supplanted. Looking-glass, ancient slang for
a chamber utensil, derived from the usual examination made by medical men, for diagnosing the probable ailments of their patients. In Ireland the necessary article is often, if not com. monly, called a “Twiss,” because the portrait of that once noted politician appeared as an ornament at the bottom, produced for ready sale by a satirical and patriotic earthenware manufacturer in Coleraine to perpetuate the name and fame of Mr. Twiss, for having slandered the women of Ireland by a baseless accusation of unchastity. The accusation was denied, but the penalty remained, by the operation of the principle sarcastically recommended by Douglas Jerrold in all cases of doubt: if you do not know the rights of a thing, believe the worst.
Look-see pidgin (pidgin), mere
sham, hypocrisy. “This is all look-see pidgin” (Anglo-Chinese newspaper), religious humbug. My tink he cat he makee chin-chin Fo, My tinkee puss-cat be Joss-pidgin-man Who no can chow-chow meat-hai-yah !
ph'hoy! Dat cat hab cheatee, cheatee, cheatee
my; My tink he 'hood-he all too bad-mas.
kee! He Joss-pidgin be all look-see pidgin, My wish dat cat be dam—wit' evely-ting: For àllo worl' be bad, an' all be bad, An' evely side hab pizen-cats an' tlaps, My no can do make tlust one man no more.
-The Cat. Loon - flat (old cant), thirteen
pence halfpenny. Loose-box, a term sometimes
applied to a brougham.
Loose ends (common). When a
business is neglected, or its finances are in a precarious condition, it is said to be at
loose ends. Loose, on the (common), out
carousing At the same fair, Jem Moor was about three-quarters and an eighth towards being tight through having been out on the loose all the morning with the governor.Hindley: Adventures of a Cheap Jack.
Also getting a living by prostitution.
Looter (gypsy), to steal from.
Anglo - Indian loot, plunder,
booty. Hind. lūt, from Sans-
krit lotra, root; lūp, rob, plun-
der. Lüter and lour are English
gypsy terms for the same word,
and are also used as verbs.
Lop, horse (army), puddings of
suet without plums.
Loppers, lobbes, loppus (Ameri-
can). The writer has never seen
this word in print, but he has
often heard it in Pennsylvania.
An awkward, shambling fellow,
a hobble-de-hoy. Dutch lobbes,
a clownish fellow, also a shaggy
dog. This is nearly allied to the
English lob, a lubber or clown. Lord (popular), a hump-backed
man.
That a deformed person is a lord ... after a painful investigation of the rolls and records under the reign of Richard the Third, or “Richard Crouchback," as he is more usually designated in the chronicles . . . we do not find that that monarch conferred any such lordships as here pretended, upon any subject or subjects, on a simple plea of conformity in that respect to the “royal nature."-C. Lamb: Essays of Elia.
She invariably wound up at night with a mad fighting fit, during which my lord, vulgar slang for hunchback, was always thrashed unmercifully,--Standard.
Probably thus called in ridi. cule from the self-importance and air of complacency supposed to be generally assumed by hunchbacks. Wright suggests the Greek lordós, bent forwards, and Smythe A. Palmer the old English loord, lordain, lurden, or lourden, heavy, clumsy,
sluggard. French lourdard, old French Lorde, Low Latin
lurdus. Lord Mayor (burglars), a large
crowbar or jemmy, used for breaking open safes. Numerous are the names given to crowbars. There is "the Lord Mayor," "the Alderman,” “the Common Councilman,” and so on. These are principally used for breaking into safes.—Tit Bits. Lords (Winchester College), the
first eleven are thus called. Lose the combination, to (Ame
rican), to miss the meaning or point of anything. One often hears such an expression in conversation as “Hold on there. I've missed the combination.” “Did you see the butchers' parade ?" asked the snake-editor of a casual caller yesterday afternoon.
“Yes."
“See that man throwing sausages at the crowd?”
“Yes." ."Well, I never sausage a thing before."
“Ha! ha! Pretty good. I'll surprise my wife with that when I get home."
When the casual caller arrived at home he said to his wife :
“My dear, in the butchers' parade today there was a man throwing sausages to the spectators.”
“Was there?”
“Yes; and I never saw anything like that done before."
“Neither did I.”
He waited five minutes for his wife to laugh, and then went out to wonder how he lost the combination.—Pittsburg Chronicle.
The "snake-editor” mentioned in this anecdote is supposed to be the writer specially employed on a newspaper, to invent or discover wonderful
“yarns" of snakes, mosquitoes, enormous pumpkins, extraordinary instances of instinct in animals, and similar marvels. He is “the big gooseberry man"
of the English provincial press. Lost and gone poetry (Ameri
can). The wailing, feeble-minded rhyming over “lost Edens and buried Lenores," imaginary griefs and sham sorrows, so characteristic of all beginners in poetry, has not escaped the notice of American newspaper wits, who often turn it into
ridicule. Lotion (popular), a drink.
“What's your lotion ? " what are you drinking ? Loud (common), flashy, “pro
nounced," extravagant, whether in manners or colours, dress or demeanour. Originally English, it has been very much extended in America.
A much more loquacious, ostentatious, much louder style. — Carlyle : Life of Sterling.
Husband—“Now, Mrs. B.'s dress, I suppose, is what you would call a symphony?"
Wife—“Yes, a Wagnerian symphony." Husband-“Why Wagnerian?” Wife—“Because it's so loud.”—Detroit Free Press. Lounce (sailor's), a drink. Gene
rally a pint of beer, probably a
corruption of allowance. Lounge (university and public
schools), a term of Etonian origin. It means a treat. In the West of England a lounge is a large lump of bread.
Lour, loure (old cant), money.
From the gypsy.
To strowling ken the mort bings then
To fetch loure for her cheats.
– The English Rogue. Louver, lovva, lovo, lovvy, lover
(gypsy), money, i.e., specie, or
coin. Vide LOUR. Lovage (popular), tap droppings.
Properly a plant which possesses
diuretic properties. Love (common), in scoring of any
game equals nought, or nothing.
I have seen those lose the game that have had so many for love. — Bailey's Erasmus.
I sometimes play a game at piquet for love.-C. Lamb: Essays of Elia.
Love is here the antithesis of money. “To play for love (of the game) and not for money." French, "pour l'amour de l'art,"
“gratis pro Deo.” Love apples, explained by quota
tion.
Love apples, the latest name which the dynamiters have given to their bombs, affords another illustration of the love of conspirators for euphemistic terms. --St. James's Gazette.
Tomatoes were generally called love apples in Australia about sixty years ago. In France pommes d'amour. It may be remarked, en passant, that the terms love apples and pommes d'amour are mistranslations of Italian pomi del mori or Moors'
apples, mala Æthiopica. Low-down (common), out of
sorts, out of money, and out of luck; also mean, underhand.
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